What is SAR? We must first understand SAR and its definition, when it comes to understanding the effects of radiation from cell phone use on humans. SAR, or specific absorption rate, is a “way of measuring the quantity of radio frequency (RF) energy that is absorbed by the body,” according to the Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association (CTIA). Cell phones produce RF energy to connect with cell towers and base stations. The closer you are to a base station (or tower), the lower the SAR level will be because the amount of RF energy necessary to make these connections depends on the distance of the user from the tower or station. This does not mean that cell phones with lower SAR levels are safer than those with higher SAR levels. SAR levels, can still be harmful even at varying amounts. Governments all over the world have acknowledged the potential negative effects of SAR and consequently have created guidelines for cell phones manufacturers to follow when designing mobile phones for consumer use. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC), in the United States, has mandated that the maximum SAR level permissible for commercial cell phones is 1.60 Megawatts per kilogram averaged over one gram of human tissue. However, in Europe SAR is measured over 10 grams of human tissue, and thus maximum acceptable levels are higher than in the US.
With cell phones becoming an ever-increasing part of our everyday life, it is crucial to be aware of the realities of SAR and the ways to protect ourselves. Remember, even when your phone is in your pocket, it is still emitting radio frequencies---some cellphone manufacturers have suggested using a Bluetooth headset as a means to reduce the cell phone radiation emitted directly to the head, but any tissue is vulnerable.
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